Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3 u omega-3 son una prometedora terapia dietética preventiva para la enfermedad cardiovascular, y constituyen un método seguro y efectivo para la prevención de la muerte súbita. El pescado graso es la fuente dietética principal de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3. En los últimos años, las propiedades antiarrítmicas de estos ácidos grasos han sido extensamente investigadas. Se han propuesto y estudiado varios mecanismos para explicar este efecto antiarrítmico, pero hasta el momento ninguno de ellos ha sido validado de forma definitiva. En esta revisión se resumen los conocimientos epidemiológicos que sostienen el uso de los ácidos grasos n-3 con esta indicación, la evidencia básica y clínica alcanzada en estudios experimentales en animales y humanos, así como las teorías actuales sobre el mecanismo antiarrítmico de esta clase de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados.
Palabras clave
Aceite de pescado
Ácidos grasos n-3
Arritmia
Muerte súbita cardiaca
Electrofisiología
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