ISSN: 0300-8932 Factor de impacto 2023 7,2
Vol. 7. Núm. D.
Páginas 32D-45D (Junio 2007)

Novedades en la reducción de la frecuencia cardiaca
Ivabradina, un bloqueador selectivo de la corriente If. Aspectos farmacológicos y tolerabilidad

Ivabradine: a Selective If Current Inhibitor. Pharmacological Characteristics and Tolerability

Miguel VaqueroRicardo GómezLucía NúñezRicardo CaballeroEva DelpónAdriana BaranaJuan Tamargo¿

Opciones

La frecuencia cardiaca es el principal determinante de las demandas miocárdicas de O2 y del flujo sanguíneo coronario. La frecuencia cardiaca depende de la actividad eléctrica espontánea de las células marcapasos del nódulo sinoauricular. Estas células presentan una fase de despolarización diastólica que desplaza el potencial de membrana hacia su valor umbral y se inicia un nuevo potencial de acción que se propaga a través del miocardio y produce una respuesta contráctil. La corriente If de entrada de iones Na+ y K+ a través de canales activados por la hiperpolarización y modulados por nucleótidos cíclicos (HCN) es la principal determinante de la inclinación de la fase de lenta despolarización diastólica. Los canales se abren cuando el potencial de membrana se hiperpolariza y se modulan por la concentración celular de adenosinmonofosfato cíclico. La ivabradina es un bloqueador específico de la If. Para ello debe atravesar la membrana y alcanzar su receptor, que se encuentra en la boca intracelular del poro del canal. Como consecuencia, produce una reducción dependiente de la dosis de la frecuencia cardiaca, que reduce las demandas miocárdicas de O2 y aumenta el flujo sanguíneo coronario. Sin embargo, a concentraciones terapéuticas no inhibe otras corrientes iónicas cardiacas, razón por la que no modifica la presión arterial, la contractilidad o las propiedades electrofisiológicas cardiacas. En este artículo se revisa el mecanismo de acción, las propiedades farmacocinéticas y farmacodinámicas y las reacciones adversas y contraindicaciones de la ivabradina.

Palabras clave

Ivabradina
Frecuencia cardiaca
Angina de pecho
Corriente If
Farmacología cardiaca
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