La definición de nuevos abordajes para la prevención y el tratamiento de la arteriosclerosis y sus syndromes asociados es un alta necesidad y prioridad debido al impacto en la morbimortalidad y la salud pública de estas enfermedades. Recientemente, se ha demostrado que la evaluación de la disfunción endotelial, en su vertiente de vasorreactividad, es una herramienta de utilidad para valorar la arteriosclerosis. Los factores de riesgos clásicos y emergentes están demostrando su asociación con la disfunción endotelial y la clínica en la enfermedad cardiovascular se relaciona, en parte, con la pérdida de una función endotelial reguladora de la homeostasis vascular. En estudios recientes se indica que la severidad de la disfunción endotelial se asocia con el riesgo cardiovascular, y finalmente, muchas intervenciones farmacológicas y dietéticas que reducen el riesgo cardiovascular han demostrado mejorar la función endotelial. El endotelio y su función han entrado plenamente en la práctica clínica y el control de la función endotelial está emergiendo como la llave de terapias que pueden interferir en el desarrollo de la arteriosclerosis y sus complicaciones clínicas.
Palabras clave
Endotelio
Cardiovascular
Aterosclerosis
Óxido nítrico
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Este trabajo ha sido financiado por FIS C-03/01 RED Recava, FIS PI020361, PN SAF2003-03187, Fondos de Investigación no restringidos de MSD, Programa «Freedom to Discover» BMS y Fundación de Investigación Cardiovascular Catalana-Occidente.
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2006. Sociedad Española de Cardiología