La insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) supone un importante problema de salud en los países desarrollados El número de hospitalizaciones y los costes derivados del tratamiento de estos pacientes se han incrementado notablemente en las últimas 2 décadas, y el principal componente de este coste sanitario son las sucesivas rehospitalizaciones, que pueden representar hasta el 70% de éste. Una de las principales causas de descompensación y, por tanto, de ingreso hospitalario es una mala adherencia terapéutica del paciente. La adherencia al tratamiento se define como el grado de seguimiento por parte del paciente de una serie de instrucciones médicas que incluyen usualmente un tratamiento farmacológico complejo. Es imprescindible reconocer los factores, tanto biomédicos como psicosociales, que pueden condicionar una deficiente adherencia terapéutica (DATF) y realizar acciones encaminadas a modificarlos. Combinar varios métodos, como la entrevista clínica dirigida y el recuento de comprimidos no consumidos, en casos seleccionados, puede ser una buena forma de estimación de la adherencia terapéutica real. La valoración sistematizada de la calidad de vida en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) es también de gran ayuda para planificar los cuidados, predice la respuesta al tratamiento y ayuda en la toma de decisiones acerca del tratamiento.
Palabras clave
Adhesión terapéutica
Calidad de vida
Insuficiencia cardiaca
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