En la presente revisión se analizan los avances más relevantes publicados durante el último año en el campo de la hipertensión arterial (HTA), prestando un especial interés a los últimos ensayos clínicos que vienen a confirmar un concepto clásico ya conocido, en el que lo más importante en el tratamiento del paciente hipertenso es conseguir el control de las cifras de presión arterial y que, únicamente cuando ello se ha alcanzado, se ponen de manifiesto los efectos beneficiosos adicionales de determinados grupos terapéuticos antihipertensivos, como son los fármacos que bloquean el eje renina-angiotensina-aldosterona.
Asimismo, se analiza la información pronóstica que nos aporta un procedimiento tan sencillo e incruento como es el índice tobillo-brazo en la valoración cardiovascular de los pacientes, sin olvidar la importancia creciente del hiperaldosteronismo primario como etiología de la HTA. Finalmente, se remarcan los aspectos más novedosos publicados respecto de la asociación entre la diabetes y la HTA y los efectos potenciales del bloqueo del receptor activador de la proliferación de peroxisomas gamma en la prevención cardiovascular.
Palabras clave
Hipertensión arterial sistémica
Diabetes mellitus
Factores de riesgo coronario
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