Los marcapasos, para generar los impulsos eléctricos y alimentar sus circuitos, precisan de una fuente de energía, que en la actualidad es una pila de litio-yodo, de capacidad limitada aunque su carga sea tres veces mayor por unidad de volumen que la disponible en las baterías empleadas hace 30 años.
A continuación se exponen aspectos técnicos básicos cuyo conocimiento es necesario para obtener un bajo consumo de energía y de este modo prolongar la vida útil de los generadores.
La programación de la energía del impulso permite reducir el consumo, por lo que es fundamental obtener un óptimo umbral de estimulación, que en gran parte depende de la interfase electrodo-endocardio.
También se revisan los automatismos de respuesta en frecuencia, detección y reducción de la estimulación ventricular innecesaria, así como la digitalización de las señales intracardiacas.
Palabras clave
Energía
Pila de litio-yodo
Umbral de estimulación
Detección
Digitalización de señales intracardiacas
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